Project scope is not included in Charter. Charter is an authorization document which Initiates the project and allocates budget.  ONly high level scope will be outlined in charter.

SoW is more like a contract document between two parties and it can include project scope, but again it will be at high level.  In some regions, government contracts do outline complete scope in contract.

Yes project scope can be defined in charter. But this is normally just initial or summarized project scope and not detailed one.

Charter can also contain summary milestones, budget, team, constraints e.t.c.

Basically charter can contain anything which sponsor likes after all he is paying for the project.

SOW is used in making charter which in turn is used in collecting requirements which in turn is used in making project scope. So you can say that yes from SOW you extract the scope.

SOW basically says "what work needs to be done"

Statement of Work includes Project Scope plus several other information. The SoW which we prepare is closely similar to the sample document which you can download here www.pmpden.com/downloads/

Includes scope, milestones, acceptance criteria, place of work etc. This is an input to the Project Charter which is prepared later. Having said that, in practical scenario, the formats and included vary across companies.